
ZEISS LSM Airyscan
Sensitive High-Speed Super-Resolution Imaging and Molecular Characterization
ZEISS LSM systems with Airyscan enable experiments that push the boundaries of gentle super-resolution, high-speed acquisition, and molecular characterization of biological samples. By maximizing signal detection through the utilization of its unique area detector, Airyscan achieves a distinctive blend of sensitivity and enhanced spatial information. As a user-friendly technology that is fully integrated into ZEISS laser scanning microscopes, it offers you ever-evolving possibilities to go beyond traditional confocal imaging.
Gentle Super-Resolution Imaging
Enhanced Structural Information Effortlessly Added to Your Experiment
The fundamental purpose of any microscope is to reveal the unknown by resolving the smallest structures. Super-resolution has become standard in florescent imaging and is routinely employed in many microscopy experiments. However, it is crucial to select a method that is safe for living samples and yields reliable results. You don't need to be a microscopy expert to use Airyscan for your super-resolution experiments. Sample preparation and workflows remain unchanged from established confocal imaging practices. With Airyscan, you capture more structural information and collect available fluorescence signal more efficiently, which makes this super-resolution method particularly gentle to your delicate samples. Choose from a variety of processing options and easily customize them to get reliable and quantifiable data. Lateral resolution down to 90 nm is made possible by Joint Deconvolution – utilizing the additional spatial information that only Airyscan can provide.

Staining of F-actin (Phalloidin, cyan) and DE-Cadherin (red) in the Drosophila germarium. Imaged with ZEISS Airyscan 2 followed by Joint Deconvolution. Courtesy of T. Jacobs, AG Luschnig, WWU Münster; with T. Zobel, Münster Imaging Network, Germany

HeLa cell, 4x expanded and labelled with acetylated alpha tubulin (green). Comparing the confocal image with Airyscan SR and Airyscan Joint Deconvolution.

Mitochondria in an Arabidopsis thaliana cell. Comparing the confocal image with Airyscan SR and Airyscan Joint Deconvolution. Courtesy of J.-O. Niemeier, AG Schwarzländer, WWU Münster, Germany.

ZEISS LSM Airyscan
Sensitive high-speed super-resolution imaging and molecular characterization
High-Speed Confocal Image Acquisition
Simultaneous Improvement of Spatial and Temporal Resolution
To understand dynamic processes in living systems, spatial information must not be compromised in favor of the necessary temporal resolution. The ability to combine fast imaging with super-resolution makes Airyscan a versatile tool to observe live dynamics at subcellular resolution and efficiently image large 3D samples, enabling efficient imaging of processes in cells, spheroids, organoids, or whole organisms. The multi-element Airyscan detector facilitates rapid acquisition of 2 to 8 image lines, speeding up the imaging process and improving the acquisition of structural information. Airyscan’s various parallelization options provide optimal flexibility to meet diverse experimental needs. By leveraging the unique information from the area detector, resolution can be further enhanced by Joint Deconvolution, a reliable processing method specifically optimized for Airyscan's high-speed imaging modes.

Efficient super-resolution imaging of a large field of view
HeLa cells stained for DNA (blue, Hoechst 44432), microtubules (yellow, anti-tubulin Alexa 488) and F-actin (magenta, phalloidin Abberior STAR Red). Imaged with ZEISS Airyscan 2 in Multiplex mode.
Courtesy of A. Politi, J. Jakobi and P. Lenart, MPI for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
Investigating vesicular transport in mammalian live cells
The unique combination of the gentle illumination provided by the Airyscan technology and its high-speed capabilities enables effective imaging of vesicle movement in 3D. The example shows fast movement of early endosomes in mammalian cells, acquired with Airyscan 2 using the MPLX CO-8Y mode. Thanks to the resolution improvement with Airyscan jDCV, the vesicles could be segmented and tracked with ZEISS arivis Pro through the cellular volume in time.

Synapses in the mouse cerebellum imaged with increased speed at highest resolution
Synapses are contacts between two different neurons, consisting of the pre synapse (signaling neuron) and post synapse (receiving neuron). These can be labelled with different markers but require beyond confocal resolution to be spatially separated.
Airyscan SR with Joint Deconvolution (jDCV) allows to properly resolve the two structures. With jDCV for Airyscan Multiplex, the same resolution can be achieved. Yet, the imaging time using the MPLX 4Y mode was 1 minute 31 seconds, compared to 9 minutes with the SR mode, highlighting an impressive increase in speed.
10 µm mouse brain section, Calbindin-A488 (blue), Gephyrin-A568 (yellow), VGAT-A647 (magenta). Sample courtesy of Luisa Cortes, Microscopy Imaging Center of Coimbra, CNC, University of Coimbra, Portugal
Dynamics Profiler
Easy Access to Underlying Molecular Dynamics in Living Samples
ZEISS Dynamics Profiler uncovers molecular concentration, diffusion, and flow dynamics of fluorescent proteins in your living samples in a single, easy measurement. By uniquely using the Airyscan detector elements, Dynamics Profiler collects more information than was previously possible with conventional Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS), enabling accurate and reproducible analyses, even with bright samples. On the other hand, delicate samples can also be explored, without excessive light exposure or prolonged experiment time. Develop an in-depth profile of the molecules in your current experiments, from cell cultures to organoids to whole organisms. For example, study the transition of cellular condensates formed by liquid-liquid phase separation as measured by Asymmetric Diffusion. Or, with Flow Analysis, measure speed and direction of fluorescent molecules moving in a bloodstream or in microfluidic systems, such as organs-on-a-chip. Adding molecular dynamics measurements to any of your live sample experiments has never been easier.

Compare concentrations of molecules in different cells
Fluorescent protein dynamics and concentration measurements can effortless be added to a confocal experiment. The sample shows a Drosophila melanogaster embryo expressing mCherry under control of the hand cardiac and hematopoietic enhancer (Han and Olson, 2005), located in the third intron. Even with bright samples like this, Dynamics Profiler allows to get robust FCS data and compare concentrations of molecules in different cells.
Conventional fluorescence overview image (left) and z stacks (middle); subsequent Dynamics Profiler measurements within the same embryo at the same system (right). Graph and data table show measurement results from five different spots.
Sample courtesy of Prof. Dr. Achim Paululat and Dr. Christian Meyer, Osnabrück University, Department of Zoology and Developmental Biology, Germany
Choose Your Platform
An Array of Options to Unleash Confocal Imaging
Airyscan is available with ZEISS LSM 910 and ZEISS LSM 990.ZEISS Airyscan: Technology Insights
Experimental Possibilities Beyond Confocal Standards
Airyscan microscopy takes the confocal idea beyond its conventional implementation: Instead of light passing through a pinhole to reach a single detector, Airyscan consists of 32 detector elements that act as very small pinholes, taking a pinhole-plane image at every scanned position. By combining 32 such small pinhole-like detectors into a large area detector, Airyscan allows more light to be collected and higher spatial frequency information of a structure to be captured. Its fully integrated linear Wiener filter deconvolution needs next to no interaction while ensuring reliable quantitative results.
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(1) Mirror, (2) Emission filters, (3) Zoom optics, (4) Airy disk, (5) Airyscan detector
With Airyscan, you capture more structural information and collect the available fluorescence signal more efficiently, which makes this super-resolution method particularly gentle for your delicate samples. Choose from a variety of processing options and easily customize them to get reliable and quantifiable data. Lateral resolution down to 90 nm is made possible by Joint Deconvolution – utilizing the additional information that only Airyscan can provide.
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In the Multiplex modes, adapted illumination and readout schemes give you a choice of different parallelization options to speed up your super-resolution acquisition. The shape of the excitation beam can be stretched to cover up to 8 image lines simultaneously, allowing for highly parallel signal acquisition. The area detector elements provide all the information needed to improve final image resolution while reducing imaging time dramatically.
Unlike the Airyscan SR mode which generates one super-resolution image pixel for each illumination position, the spatial information provided by the Multiplex modes SR-2Y / CO-2Y and SR-4Y allows to scan 2 or even 4 super-resolution image lines in a single sweep.
For Airyscan Multiplex SR-8Y and CO-8Y, the illumination laser spot is vertically elongated to capture 8 image pixels for each illumination position. Sampling can be done in super-resolution (SR) or confocal (CO) resolution. Use this speed advantage for ultrafast time series of single slices, rapid tiling of large areas, or fast volumetric time-lapse imaging.
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GATTA SIM nanoruler imaged with Airyscan SR (GATTA-SIM 120B, left) and Airyscan jDCV (GATTA-SIM 90B, right).
Each of the 32 Airyscan detector elements has a slightly different view on the sample, providing additional spatial information that makes Joint Deconvolution possible for all Airyscan imaging modes. The distance between objects that can be resolved is reduced even further—down to 90 nm, without changing anything during sample preparation or the image acquisition processes. Your super-resolution experiments will benefit from an improved separation of single or multiple labels.