![阴道拭子]({"xsmall":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.100.100.480,0,1920,1440.file/fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg","small":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.360.360.480,0,1920,1440.file/fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg","medium":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.768.768.480,0,1920,1440.file/fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg","large":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1024.1024.480,0,1920,1440.file/fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg","xlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1280.1280.480,0,1920,1440.file/fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg","xxlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1440.1440.480,0,1920,1440.file/fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg","max":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1440.1440.480,0,1920,1440.file/fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg"} "阴道拭子")
法医学的显微镜应用
法医DNA分析
分析人类基因组DNA
DNA分析对执法工作产生了革命性的影响。该方法是将嫌疑人的DNA与直接从犯罪现场采集或从DNA联合索引系统（CODIS）等集中式数据库获取的遗传物质进行比较。对人类基因组DNA分析，根据其序列的变化可以直接进行个人鉴定和亲子鉴定。
通过对从法医物证中分离出的DNA进行分析，可以为样品来源鉴定提供宝贵信息。 DNA分析基于对一类称为“短串联重复序列”（简称为STR）的DNA多态性进行遗传分析。STR中的多态性是由于个体群体中可能出现的重复元素的副本数量不同所致。虽然该方法具有高度选择性，但样品采集极具挑战性，污染风险也很高。样品材料可以是任何其上发现带有生物物质的材料。
用于法医DNA分析的常见生物材料是体液，例如
|
|
|
|---|---|---|
体视显微镜是样品研究中不可或缺的工具，它具有观察视野大、操作简单、良好的人体工程学设计和自然色彩再现等优势，可以对采集的各种样品进行快速可靠的生物材料检查和数字记录。现代电动变倍显微镜在执行人工调查时可提供更高的分辨率和自动化程度，包括荧光成像选项。专用荧光显微镜有助于检测细微的DNA痕迹，完善预调查样品的法医工作流程。对于无污染分离和进一步分子研究，激光捕获显微切割仪（LCM）无疑是重新获得微量生物材料的终极工具。
应用实例
使用蔡司Axioscope 5和Sperm Hyliter明场成像
![阴道拭子]({"xsmall":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.100.75.file/fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg","small":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.360.270.file/fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg","medium":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.768.576.file/fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg","large":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1024.768.file/fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg","xlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1280.960.file/fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg","xxlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1440.1080.file/fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg","max":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original./fluorescence_vaginal-swab_sperm-hyliter_axioscope-5.jpg"} "阴道拭子")
使用蔡司Axioscope 5成像。由德国美因茨Galantos Genetics实验室的M. Schatzl和U. Schacker博士提供
![使用DAPI染色的精子细胞核]({"xsmall":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence-dapi_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.100.75.file/fluorescence-dapi_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg","small":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence-dapi_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.360.270.file/fluorescence-dapi_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg","medium":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence-dapi_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.768.576.file/fluorescence-dapi_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg","large":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence-dapi_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1024.768.file/fluorescence-dapi_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg","xlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence-dapi_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1280.960.file/fluorescence-dapi_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg","xxlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence-dapi_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1440.1080.file/fluorescence-dapi_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg","max":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence-dapi_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original./fluorescence-dapi_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg"} "使用DAPI染色的精子细胞核")
使用蔡司Axioscope 5成像。由德国美因茨Galantos Genetics实验室的M. Schatzl和U. Schacker博士提供
![使用Alexa染色的精子细胞核]({"xsmall":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence-alexa_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.100.75.file/fluorescence-alexa_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg","small":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence-alexa_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.360.270.file/fluorescence-alexa_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg","medium":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence-alexa_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.768.576.file/fluorescence-alexa_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg","large":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence-alexa_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1024.768.file/fluorescence-alexa_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg","xlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence-alexa_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1280.960.file/fluorescence-alexa_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg","xxlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence-alexa_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1440.1080.file/fluorescence-alexa_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg","max":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/forensics/fluorescence-alexa_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original./fluorescence-alexa_sperm_axioscope_sample-1.jpg"} "使用Alexa染色的精子细胞核")
![促销：一年免费的软件维护协议为ZEN core保驾护航]({"xsmall":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/products/software/zen/zen-core-sma/zeiss_sma_zen_core_keyvis.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.100.100.0,579,4500,5079.file/zeiss_sma_zen_core_keyvis.jpg","small":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/products/software/zen/zen-core-sma/zeiss_sma_zen_core_keyvis.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.360.360.0,579,4500,5079.file/zeiss_sma_zen_core_keyvis.jpg","medium":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/products/software/zen/zen-core-sma/zeiss_sma_zen_core_keyvis.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.768.768.0,579,4500,5079.file/zeiss_sma_zen_core_keyvis.jpg","large":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/products/software/zen/zen-core-sma/zeiss_sma_zen_core_keyvis.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1024.1024.0,579,4500,5079.file/zeiss_sma_zen_core_keyvis.jpg","xlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/products/software/zen/zen-core-sma/zeiss_sma_zen_core_keyvis.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1280.1280.0,579,4500,5079.file/zeiss_sma_zen_core_keyvis.jpg","xxlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/products/software/zen/zen-core-sma/zeiss_sma_zen_core_keyvis.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1440.1440.0,579,4500,5079.file/zeiss_sma_zen_core_keyvis.jpg","max":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/products/software/zen/zen-core-sma/zeiss_sma_zen_core_keyvis.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1920.1920.0,579,4500,5079.file/zeiss_sma_zen_core_keyvis.jpg"} "促销：一年免费的软件维护协议为ZEN core保驾护航")
![用于生物学的蔡司Axio Zoom.V16]({"xsmall":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/products/light/stereo-zoom/axio-zoom_v16-for-biology/axio-zoom-v16_apotome-3_axiocam_system.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.100.100.file/axio-zoom-v16_apotome-3_axiocam_system.jpg","small":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/products/light/stereo-zoom/axio-zoom_v16-for-biology/axio-zoom-v16_apotome-3_axiocam_system.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.360.360.file/axio-zoom-v16_apotome-3_axiocam_system.jpg","medium":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/products/light/stereo-zoom/axio-zoom_v16-for-biology/axio-zoom-v16_apotome-3_axiocam_system.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.768.768.file/axio-zoom-v16_apotome-3_axiocam_system.jpg","large":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/products/light/stereo-zoom/axio-zoom_v16-for-biology/axio-zoom-v16_apotome-3_axiocam_system.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1024.1024.file/axio-zoom-v16_apotome-3_axiocam_system.jpg","xlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/products/light/stereo-zoom/axio-zoom_v16-for-biology/axio-zoom-v16_apotome-3_axiocam_system.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1280.1280.file/axio-zoom-v16_apotome-3_axiocam_system.jpg","xxlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/products/light/stereo-zoom/axio-zoom_v16-for-biology/axio-zoom-v16_apotome-3_axiocam_system.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1440.1440.file/axio-zoom-v16_apotome-3_axiocam_system.jpg","max":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/products/light/stereo-zoom/axio-zoom_v16-for-biology/axio-zoom-v16_apotome-3_axiocam_system.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original./axio-zoom-v16_apotome-3_axiocam_system.jpg"} "用于生物学的蔡司Axio Zoom.V16")
![蔡司Axioscope 5]({"xsmall":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/products/light/widefield/axioscope-5/axioscope-5-fl_axiocam-208-color.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.100.100.392,0,1472,1080.file/axioscope-5-fl_axiocam-208-color.jpg","small":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/products/light/widefield/axioscope-5/axioscope-5-fl_axiocam-208-color.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.360.360.392,0,1472,1080.file/axioscope-5-fl_axiocam-208-color.jpg","medium":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/products/light/widefield/axioscope-5/axioscope-5-fl_axiocam-208-color.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.768.768.392,0,1472,1080.file/axioscope-5-fl_axiocam-208-color.jpg","large":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/products/light/widefield/axioscope-5/axioscope-5-fl_axiocam-208-color.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1024.1024.392,0,1472,1080.file/axioscope-5-fl_axiocam-208-color.jpg","xlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/products/light/widefield/axioscope-5/axioscope-5-fl_axiocam-208-color.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1080.1080.392,0,1472,1080.file/axioscope-5-fl_axiocam-208-color.jpg","xxlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/products/light/widefield/axioscope-5/axioscope-5-fl_axiocam-208-color.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1080.1080.392,0,1472,1080.file/axioscope-5-fl_axiocam-208-color.jpg","max":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/products/light/widefield/axioscope-5/axioscope-5-fl_axiocam-208-color.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1080.1080.392,0,1472,1080.file/axioscope-5-fl_axiocam-208-color.jpg"} "蔡司Axioscope 5")
![蔡司ZEN core]({"xsmall":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/service-support/software-maintenance-agreement/zen-core_cover-image_2.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.100.100.0,0,1390,1390.file/zen-core_cover-image_2.jpg","small":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/service-support/software-maintenance-agreement/zen-core_cover-image_2.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.360.360.0,0,1390,1390.file/zen-core_cover-image_2.jpg","medium":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/service-support/software-maintenance-agreement/zen-core_cover-image_2.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.768.768.0,0,1390,1390.file/zen-core_cover-image_2.jpg","large":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/service-support/software-maintenance-agreement/zen-core_cover-image_2.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1024.1024.0,0,1390,1390.file/zen-core_cover-image_2.jpg","xlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/service-support/software-maintenance-agreement/zen-core_cover-image_2.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1280.1280.0,0,1390,1390.file/zen-core_cover-image_2.jpg","xxlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/service-support/software-maintenance-agreement/zen-core_cover-image_2.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1390.1390.0,0,1390,1390.file/zen-core_cover-image_2.jpg","max":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/service-support/software-maintenance-agreement/zen-core_cover-image_2.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1390.1390.0,0,1390,1390.file/zen-core_cover-image_2.jpg"} "蔡司ZEN core")
![ZEISS Axio Imager and Metafer with the Customization Package Sperm Detection Metasystems的预览图像]({"max":"https://asset-downloads.zeiss.com/catalogs/preview/mic/d9b24b00-4887-490e-99ae-f624b2963946/EN_wp_Axio-Imager_Metafer_Sperm-detection.pdf.jpg"} "下载ZEISS Axio Imager and Metafer with the Customization Package Sperm Detection Metasystems")
![Efficient and Reliable DNA Profiling of Spermatozoa from Sexual Assault Evidence.的预览图像]({"max":"https://asset-downloads.zeiss.com/catalogs/preview/mic/fa3707f3-5eab-4e60-b150-90d5555ade4b/EN_wp_Automated-detection-and-isolation-spermatozoa.pdf.jpg"} "下载Efficient and Reliable DNA Profiling of Spermatozoa from Sexual Assault Evidence.")
![Forensic Animal Hair Analysis的预览图像]({"max":"https://asset-downloads.zeiss.com/catalogs/preview/mic/da4a37c2-1143-4a22-a2df-575df72744d4/EN_wp_Animal-Hair-Analysis_Axio-Lab.A1.pdf.jpg"} "下载Forensic Animal Hair Analysis")
![Microscopic Detection of Sperm on Washed Textiles After HY-LITER Staining的预览图像]({"max":"https://asset-downloads.zeiss.com/catalogs/preview/mic/1a323c84-bd92-4023-a330-de38b7e24a0d/EN_wp_sperm-washed-textiles_Axioscope-A1.pdf.jpg"} "下载Microscopic Detection of Sperm on Washed Textiles After HY-LITER Staining")
![Flyer: Taking a New Look at Forensics的预览图像]({"max":"https://asset-downloads.zeiss.com/catalogs/preview/mic/74c0ec15-84a0-458f-bab7-9b496b3bd199/EN_product-flyer_Forensics-overview.pdf.jpg"} "下载Flyer: Taking a New Look at Forensics")