![用于尿液分析的显微镜解决方案 用于尿液分析的显微镜解决方案]({"xsmall":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/polarization_urine-crystals_primostar-3.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.100.100.222,0,1662,1440.file/polarization_urine-crystals_primostar-3.jpg","small":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/polarization_urine-crystals_primostar-3.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.360.360.222,0,1662,1440.file/polarization_urine-crystals_primostar-3.jpg","medium":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/polarization_urine-crystals_primostar-3.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.768.768.222,0,1662,1440.file/polarization_urine-crystals_primostar-3.jpg","large":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/polarization_urine-crystals_primostar-3.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1024.1024.222,0,1662,1440.file/polarization_urine-crystals_primostar-3.jpg","xlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/polarization_urine-crystals_primostar-3.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1280.1280.222,0,1662,1440.file/polarization_urine-crystals_primostar-3.jpg","xxlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/polarization_urine-crystals_primostar-3.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1440.1440.222,0,1662,1440.file/polarization_urine-crystals_primostar-3.jpg","max":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/polarization_urine-crystals_primostar-3.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1440.1440.222,0,1662,1440.file/polarization_urine-crystals_primostar-3.jpg"})
实验室显微镜应用
用于尿液分析的显微镜解决方案
观察尿液,检测异常
作为临床实验室专业人员,您深知显微镜检查在分析尿液样品异常情况时的关键作用。显微镜可提供有关尿液物理和化学组分的宝贵信息,助您做出准确诊断,制定治疗计划。利用明场、相位衬度和偏光观察技术,您可以检查尿沉渣,从而检测细胞、晶体和其他物质。通过详尽的检查,便能发现各种疾病的征兆,如糖尿病、肾小球肾炎和慢性尿路感染等。
尿液是众多疾病的关键指标,如尿路感染、肾脏疾病和糖尿病等。
另外,尿液通常十分易于获取。因此,尿液检查属于每个临床实验室常规工作的一部分,用于分析是否存在异常。
在对新鲜尿液样品的颜色、气味和外观进行目测分析后,通常会使用试纸进行化学分析。如目测或化学分析结果异常,便会对尿沉渣进行显微镜分析,以观察血细胞、上皮细胞、微生物和病原体等固体成分。
尿沉渣常通过透射光显微镜进行明场或相位衬度检查。为了更好地观察结晶,偏光观察也可助您一臂之力。首先使用低倍放大镜检查沉渣,进一步识别大部分结晶、管型、鳞状细胞和其他大型物体,然后使用高倍放大镜进行检查,以识别结晶、细胞和细菌。
用于尿液分析的显微镜解决方案
对显微镜的要求
传统的尿液检查采用正置光学显微镜。一般情况下,明场显微镜是理想的设备之选。但尿液分析指南也建议使用配备相位衬度和偏光滤镜的显微镜来识别尿液颗粒,如畸形红细胞和管型(相位衬度)以及脂类和结晶(偏光)。LED照明提高了样品的成像质量。用于常规尿沉渣的标准物镜为10×(用于观察管型)和40×(用于观察细胞和其他较小的结构),所得放大倍率为100×或400×(与10×目镜结合使用时)。400×也可用于观察细菌。为了更细致地观察细菌形态(如形状、尺寸和细胞结构),甚至可以使用1000×放大倍率。但在较高的放大倍率下,移动时保持对焦会愈加困难。
应用实例
由J. Poloni提供
![尿结晶,偏光观察,由J. Poloni提供 尿结晶,偏光观察,由J. Poloni提供]({"xsmall":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/crystals-in-urine-polarization-contrast.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.100.75.0,0,1794,1346.file/crystals-in-urine-polarization-contrast.jpg","small":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/crystals-in-urine-polarization-contrast.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.360.270.0,0,1794,1346.file/crystals-in-urine-polarization-contrast.jpg","medium":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/crystals-in-urine-polarization-contrast.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.768.576.0,0,1794,1346.file/crystals-in-urine-polarization-contrast.jpg","large":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/crystals-in-urine-polarization-contrast.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1024.768.0,0,1794,1346.file/crystals-in-urine-polarization-contrast.jpg","xlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/crystals-in-urine-polarization-contrast.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1280.960.0,0,1794,1346.file/crystals-in-urine-polarization-contrast.jpg","xxlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/crystals-in-urine-polarization-contrast.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1440.1080.0,0,1794,1346.file/crystals-in-urine-polarization-contrast.jpg","max":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/crystals-in-urine-polarization-contrast.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1794.1346.0,0,1794,1346.file/crystals-in-urine-polarization-contrast.jpg"})
由A. Michelsen提供
![明场中,因尿液的非生理pH值,红细胞呈现曼陀罗形状 明场中,因尿液的非生理pH值,红细胞呈现曼陀罗形状]({"xsmall":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/brightfield_erythrocyte-urine_axio-lab.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.100.75.file/brightfield_erythrocyte-urine_axio-lab.jpg","small":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/brightfield_erythrocyte-urine_axio-lab.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.360.270.file/brightfield_erythrocyte-urine_axio-lab.jpg","medium":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/brightfield_erythrocyte-urine_axio-lab.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.768.576.file/brightfield_erythrocyte-urine_axio-lab.jpg","large":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/brightfield_erythrocyte-urine_axio-lab.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1024.768.file/brightfield_erythrocyte-urine_axio-lab.jpg","xlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/brightfield_erythrocyte-urine_axio-lab.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1280.960.file/brightfield_erythrocyte-urine_axio-lab.jpg","xxlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/brightfield_erythrocyte-urine_axio-lab.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1440.1080.file/brightfield_erythrocyte-urine_axio-lab.jpg","max":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/brightfield_erythrocyte-urine_axio-lab.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original./brightfield_erythrocyte-urine_axio-lab.jpg"})
由A. Michelsen提供
![明场中的真菌菌丝体 明场中的真菌菌丝体]({"xsmall":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/brigthfield_fungus-mycelium-urine_axio-lab.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.100.75.file/brigthfield_fungus-mycelium-urine_axio-lab.jpg","small":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/brigthfield_fungus-mycelium-urine_axio-lab.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.360.270.file/brigthfield_fungus-mycelium-urine_axio-lab.jpg","medium":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/brigthfield_fungus-mycelium-urine_axio-lab.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.768.576.file/brigthfield_fungus-mycelium-urine_axio-lab.jpg","large":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/brigthfield_fungus-mycelium-urine_axio-lab.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1024.768.file/brigthfield_fungus-mycelium-urine_axio-lab.jpg","xlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/brigthfield_fungus-mycelium-urine_axio-lab.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1280.960.file/brigthfield_fungus-mycelium-urine_axio-lab.jpg","xxlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/brigthfield_fungus-mycelium-urine_axio-lab.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1440.1080.file/brigthfield_fungus-mycelium-urine_axio-lab.jpg","max":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/brigthfield_fungus-mycelium-urine_axio-lab.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original./brigthfield_fungus-mycelium-urine_axio-lab.jpg"})
![尿沉渣的相位衬度图像 尿沉渣的相位衬度图像]({"xsmall":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/phase-contrast-image-of-urine-sediment.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.100.75.file/phase-contrast-image-of-urine-sediment.jpg","small":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/phase-contrast-image-of-urine-sediment.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.360.270.file/phase-contrast-image-of-urine-sediment.jpg","medium":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/phase-contrast-image-of-urine-sediment.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.768.576.file/phase-contrast-image-of-urine-sediment.jpg","large":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/phase-contrast-image-of-urine-sediment.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1024.768.file/phase-contrast-image-of-urine-sediment.jpg","xlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/phase-contrast-image-of-urine-sediment.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1280.960.file/phase-contrast-image-of-urine-sediment.jpg","xxlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/phase-contrast-image-of-urine-sediment.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1440.1080.file/phase-contrast-image-of-urine-sediment.jpg","max":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/rms/reference-master/applications/laboratory-and-routine/urinalysis/phase-contrast-image-of-urine-sediment.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original./phase-contrast-image-of-urine-sediment.jpg"})